记忆工具(memory tool)让 Claude 能够在一个记忆文件目录中跨对话存储和检索信息。Claude 可以创建、读取、更新和删除在会话之间持久保存的文件,从而随着时间推移积累知识,而无需将所有内容都保留在 “context window”(上下文窗口)中。
记忆支持 “just-in-time context retrieval”(即时上下文检索)。智能体不是预先加载所有相关信息,而是将其学到的内容记录在记忆文件中,并按需读回。这使活动上下文专注于当前任务,这对于长时间运行的会话非常重要,否则这些会话可能会超出上下文窗口的容量。有关更广泛的模式,请参阅有效的上下文工程。
记忆工具在客户端运行:Claude 请求文件操作,由您的应用程序执行这些操作。您可以通过自己的基础设施控制数据的存储位置和方式。
注意
请使用反馈表单分享您对此功能的反馈。
使用场景
- 在多个智能体会话之间维护项目上下文
- 将过去交互、决策和反馈中的经验应用于新任务
- 随着时间推移构建知识库
工作原理
启用记忆工具后,Claude 在开始任务之前会自动检查其记忆目录。在工作过程中,Claude 会将学到的内容存储在 /memories 下的文件中,并在之后的对话中读回这些内容以继续先前的工作。
由于记忆工具是客户端工具,Claude 只会请求记忆操作。您的应用程序针对您控制的存储执行每个请求,并在 tool_result 块中返回结果(请参阅处理工具调用)。/memories 路径是一个前缀,由您的处理程序将其映射到实际存储,例如每个用户的目录或数据库中的键。记忆完全存在于您的应用程序中。当之后的对话发送相同的 tools 条目且您的处理程序提供相同的存储时,该对话就会从相同的记忆继续。出于安全考虑,请将所有记忆操作限制在 /memories 目录内(请参阅路径遍历防护)。
示例:记忆工具调用的工作方式
典型的交互如下所示:
1. 用户请求:
"Help me respond to this customer service ticket."
2. Claude 检查记忆目录:
"I'll help you respond to the customer service ticket. Let me check my memory for any previous context."
Claude 调用记忆工具:
{
"type": "tool_use",
"id": "toolu_01C4D5E6F7G8H9I0J1K2L3M4",
"name": "memory",
"input": {
"command": "view",
"path": "/memories"
}
}
3. 您的应用程序返回目录内容:
{
"type": "tool_result",
"tool_use_id": "toolu_01C4D5E6F7G8H9I0J1K2L3M4",
"content": "Here're the files and directories up to 2 levels deep in /memories, excluding hidden items and node_modules:\n4.0K\t/memories\n1.5K\t/memories/customer_service_guidelines.xml\n2.0K\t/memories/refund_policies.xml"
}
4. Claude 读取相关文件:
{
"type": "tool_use",
"id": "toolu_01D5E6F7G8H9I0J1K2L3M4N5",
"name": "memory",
"input": {
"command": "view",
"path": "/memories/customer_service_guidelines.xml"
}
}
5. 您的应用程序返回文件内容:
{
"type": "tool_result",
"tool_use_id": "toolu_01D5E6F7G8H9I0J1K2L3M4N5",
"content": "Here's the content of /memories/customer_service_guidelines.xml with line numbers:\n 1\t<guidelines>\n 2\t<addressing_customers>\n 3\t- Always address customers by their first name\n 4\t- Use empathetic language\n..."
}
6. Claude 利用记忆提供帮助:
"Based on your customer service guidelines, I can help you craft a response. Please share the ticket details..."
记忆工具适用于所有 Claude 4 及更高版本的模型。有关 Anthropic 提供的工具的完整列表,请参阅工具参考。
入门
使用记忆工具需要两个步骤:
- 将记忆工具添加到您的请求中。
tools条目{"type": "memory_20250818", "name": "memory"}就是全部配置:name必须为memory,并且您无需为 Anthropic 提供的工具定义输入架构。 - 为每个记忆命令实现客户端处理程序。您的处理程序必须拒绝
/memories之外的路径,因此在编写之前请阅读路径遍历防护。
基本用法
cURL
curl https://api.anthropic.com/v1/messages \
-H "x-api-key: $ANTHROPIC_API_KEY" \
-H "anthropic-version: 2023-06-01" \
-H "content-type: application/json" \
-d '{
"model": "claude-opus-5-5",
"max_tokens": 2048,
"messages": [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Help me respond to this customer service ticket."
}
],
"tools": [{
"type": "memory_20250818",
"name": "memory"
}]
}'
CLI
ant messages create <<'YAML'
model: claude-opus-5-5
max_tokens: 2048
tools:
- type: memory_20250818
name: memory
messages:
- role: user
content: Help me respond to this customer service ticket.
YAML
Python
client = anthropic.Anthropic()
message = client.messages.create(
model="claude-opus-5-5",
max_tokens=2048,
messages=[
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Help me respond to this customer service ticket.",
}
],
tools=[{"type": "memory_20250818", "name": "memory"}],
)
print(message)
TypeScript
const anthropic = new Anthropic();
const message = await anthropic.messages.create({
model: "claude-opus-5-5",
max_tokens: 2048,
messages: [
{
role: "user",
content: "Help me respond to this customer service ticket."
}
],
tools: [{ type: "memory_20250818", name: "memory" }]
});
console.log(message);
C#
var client = new AnthropicClient();
var message = await client.Messages.Create(
new()
{
Model = Model.ClaudeOpus5_5,
MaxTokens = 2048,
Messages =
[
new UserMessageParam { Content = "Help me respond to this customer service ticket." },
],
Tools = [new MemoryTool20250818()],
}
);
Console.WriteLine(message);
Go
client := anthropic.NewClient()
message, err := client.Messages.New(context.TODO(), anthropic.MessageNewParams{
Model: anthropic.ModelClaudeOpus5_5,
MaxTokens: 2048,
Messages: []anthropic.MessageParam{
anthropic.NewUserMessage(anthropic.NewTextBlock("Help me respond to this customer service ticket.")),
},
Tools: []anthropic.ToolUnionParam{
{OfMemoryTool20250818: &anthropic.MemoryTool20250818Param{}},
},
})
if err != nil {
log.Fatal(err)
}
fmt.Println(message)
Java
import com.anthropic.models.messages.MemoryTool20250818;
// ...
AnthropicClient client = AnthropicOkHttpClient.fromEnv();
MessageCreateParams params = MessageCreateParams.builder()
.model(Model.CLAUDE_OPUS_5_5)
.maxTokens(2048L)
.addTool(MemoryTool20250818.builder().build())
.addUserMessage("Help me respond to this customer service ticket.")
.build();
Message message = client.messages().create(params);
IO.println(message);
PHP
$client = new Client();
$message = $client->messages->create(
model: Model::CLAUDE_OPUS_5_5,
maxTokens: 2048,
messages: [
[
'role' => 'user',
'content' => 'Help me respond to this customer service ticket.',
],
],
tools: [new MemoryTool20250818()],
);
echo $message;
Ruby
client = Anthropic::Client.new
message = client.messages.create(
model: Anthropic::Model::CLAUDE_OPUS_5_5,
max_tokens: 2048,
messages: [
{
role: "user",
content: "Help me respond to this customer service ticket."
}
],
tools: [
{
type: "memory_20250818",
name: "memory"
}
]
)
puts message
实现记忆处理程序
Claude 对类似上述请求的回复会以一个请求记忆操作(例如 view /memories)的 tool_use 块结尾。您的应用程序执行该操作并在 tool_result 块中返回结果,然后将对话发送回去,以便 Claude 继续:这就是标准的工具使用循环。
有四个 SDK 提供了记忆工具辅助程序,用于处理工具接口和循环。继承 BetaAbstractMemoryTool(Python 和 C#)、使用 betaMemoryTool(TypeScript)或实现 BetaMemoryToolHandler(Java),即可使用您自己的存储来支持记忆,例如磁盘上的文件、数据库、云存储或加密文件。Python 和 TypeScript 还提供了一个现成的本地文件系统实现 BetaLocalFilesystemMemoryTool。尽管记忆工具本身不需要 beta 标头,但辅助程序和工具运行器接口位于 SDK 的 beta 命名空间中。Go 和 Ruby SDK 没有记忆辅助程序,因此这些示例自行运行工具使用循环,而 PHP 则将您的处理程序闭包包装在其通用的 BetaRunnableTool 中。这三者都使用内存存储,您可以将其替换为自己的存储。
Python
import anthropic
from anthropic.tools import BetaLocalFilesystemMemoryTool
client = anthropic.Anthropic()
memory = BetaLocalFilesystemMemoryTool(base_path="./memory")
runner = client.beta.messages.tool_runner(
model="claude-opus-5-5",
max_tokens=1024,
messages=[
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Remember that customer Acme Corp prefers email follow-ups.",
}
],
tools=[memory],
)
final_message = runner.until_done()
print(final_message.content)
TypeScript
import Anthropic from "@anthropic-ai/sdk";
import { betaMemoryTool } from "@anthropic-ai/sdk/helpers/beta/memory";
import { BetaLocalFilesystemMemoryTool } from "@anthropic-ai/sdk/tools/memory/node";
const client = new Anthropic();
const backend = await BetaLocalFilesystemMemoryTool.init("./memory");
const memory = betaMemoryTool(backend); // or pass your own handlers object
const runner = client.beta.messages.toolRunner({
model: "claude-opus-5-5",
max_tokens: 1024,
messages: [
{
role: "user",
content: "Remember that customer Acme Corp prefers email follow-ups."
}
],
tools: [memory],
max_iterations: 10
});
const finalMessage = await runner;
console.log(finalMessage.content);
C#
using Anthropic;
using Anthropic.Helpers.Beta;
using Anthropic.Models.Beta.Messages;
using Model = Anthropic.Models.Messages.Model;
var client = new AnthropicClient();
// 您的 BetaAbstractMemoryTool 子类
var memory = new FilesystemMemoryTool("./memories");
var runner = client.Beta.Messages.ToolRunner(
new MessageCreateParams
{
Model = Model.ClaudeOpus5_5,
MaxTokens = 1024,
Messages =
[
new BetaUserMessageParam
{
Content = "Remember that customer Acme Corp prefers email follow-ups.",
},
],
},
[memory],
maxIterations: 10
);
var finalMessage = await runner.RunUntilDoneAsync();
Console.WriteLine(finalMessage);
Go
package main
import (
"context"
"encoding/json"
"fmt"
"log"
"slices"
"sort"
"strings"
"github.com/anthropics/anthropic-sdk-go/v2"
)
// 一个内存存储,将 memory 文件路径映射到其内容。
// 在生产环境中请使用您自己的存储。
var store = map[string]string{}
type memoryCommand struct {
Command string `json:"command"`
Path string `json:"path"`
FileText string `json:"file_text"`
OldStr string `json:"old_str"`
NewStr string `json:"new_str"`
InsertLine int `json:"insert_line"`
InsertText string `json:"insert_text"`
OldPath string `json:"old_path"`
NewPath string `json:"new_path"`
}
func executeMemory(raw json.RawMessage) string {
var cmd memoryCommand
if err := json.Unmarshal(raw, &cmd); err != nil {
return "Error: invalid memory command"
}
switch cmd.Command {
case "view":
if content, ok := store[cmd.Path]; ok {
lines := strings.Split(strings.TrimSuffix(content, "\n"), "\n")
for i, line := range lines {
lines[i] = fmt.Sprintf("%6d\t%s", i+1, line)
}
return fmt.Sprintf("Here's the content of %s with line numbers:\n%s", cmd.Path, strings.Join(lines, "\n"))
}
if cmd.Path == "/memories" {
listing := []string{"1.0K\t/memories"}
for path := range store {
listing = append(listing, "1.0K\t"+path)
}
sort.Strings(listing[1:])
return fmt.Sprintf("Here're the files and directories up to 2 levels deep in %s, excluding hidden items and node_modules:\n%s", cmd.Path, strings.Join(listing, "\n"))
}
return fmt.Sprintf("The path %s does not exist. Please provide a valid path.", cmd.Path)
case "create":
store[cmd.Path] = cmd.FileText
return "File created successfully at: " + cmd.Path
case "str_replace":
content, ok := store[cmd.Path]
if !ok || !strings.Contains(content, cmd.OldStr) {
return fmt.Sprintf("No replacement was performed, old_str `%s` did not appear verbatim in %s.", cmd.OldStr, cmd.Path)
}
store[cmd.Path] = strings.Replace(content, cmd.OldStr, cmd.NewStr, 1)
return "The memory file has been edited."
case "insert":
content, ok := store[cmd.Path]
if !ok {
return fmt.Sprintf("Error: The path %s does not exist", cmd.Path)
}
lines := strings.Split(content, "\n")
if cmd.InsertLine < 0 || cmd.InsertLine > len(lines) {
return fmt.Sprintf("Error: Invalid `insert_line` parameter: %d. It should be within the range of lines of the file: [0, %d]", cmd.InsertLine, len(lines))
}
lines = slices.Insert(lines, cmd.InsertLine, strings.TrimSuffix(cmd.InsertText, "\n"))
store[cmd.Path] = strings.Join(lines, "\n")
return fmt.Sprintf("The file %s has been edited.", cmd.Path)
case "delete":
if _, ok := store[cmd.Path]; !ok {
return fmt.Sprintf("Error: The path %s does not exist", cmd.Path)
}
delete(store, cmd.Path)
return "Successfully deleted " + cmd.Path
case "rename":
if _, ok := store[cmd.OldPath]; !ok {
return fmt.Sprintf("Error: The path %s does not exist", cmd.OldPath)
}
if _, ok := store[cmd.NewPath]; ok {
return fmt.Sprintf("Error: The destination %s already exists", cmd.NewPath)
}
store[cmd.NewPath] = store[cmd.OldPath]
delete(store, cmd.OldPath)
return fmt.Sprintf("Successfully renamed %s to %s", cmd.OldPath, cmd.NewPath)
default:
return "Error: unknown command " + cmd.Command
}
}
func main() {
client := anthropic.NewClient()
tools := []anthropic.ToolUnionParam{{OfMemoryTool20250818: &anthropic.MemoryTool20250818Param{}}}
messages := []anthropic.MessageParam{
anthropic.NewUserMessage(anthropic.NewTextBlock("Remember that customer Acme Corp prefers email follow-ups.")),
}
for {
message, err := client.Messages.New(context.TODO(), anthropic.MessageNewParams{
Model: anthropic.ModelClaudeOpus5_5,
MaxTokens: 1024,
Messages: messages,
Tools: tools,
})
if err != nil {
log.Fatal(err)
}
if message.StopReason != anthropic.StopReasonToolUse {
for _, block := range message.Content {
if block.Type == "text" {
fmt.Println(block.Text)
}
}
break
}
results := []anthropic.ContentBlockParamUnion{}
for _, block := range message.Content {
if block.Type == "tool_use" {
results = append(results, anthropic.NewToolResultBlock(block.ID, executeMemory(block.Input), false))
}
}
messages = append(messages, message.ToParam(), anthropic.NewUserMessage(results...))
}
}
Java
import com.anthropic.client.AnthropicClient;
import com.anthropic.client.okhttp.AnthropicOkHttpClient;
import com.anthropic.helpers.BetaMemoryToolHandler;
import com.anthropic.helpers.BetaToolRunner;
import com.anthropic.models.beta.messages.BetaMemoryTool20250818;
import com.anthropic.models.beta.messages.BetaMessage;
import com.anthropic.models.beta.messages.MessageCreateParams; // beta package, not models.messages
import com.anthropic.models.beta.messages.ToolRunnerCreateParams;
import com.anthropic.models.messages.Model;
import java.nio.file.Path;
void main() {
AnthropicClient client = AnthropicOkHttpClient.fromEnv();
// 您对六个 memory 命令的 BetaMemoryToolHandler 实现
BetaMemoryToolHandler handler = new FileSystemMemoryToolHandler(Path.of("memories"));
MessageCreateParams createParams = MessageCreateParams.builder()
.model(Model.CLAUDE_OPUS_5_5)
.maxTokens(1024L)
.addTool(BetaMemoryTool20250818.builder().build())
.addUserMessage("Remember that customer Acme Corp prefers email follow-ups.")
.build();
ToolRunnerCreateParams runnerParams = ToolRunnerCreateParams.builder()
.betaMemoryToolHandler(handler)
.initialMessageParams(createParams)
.maxIterations(10)
.build();
BetaToolRunner runner = client.beta().messages().toolRunner(runnerParams);
for (BetaMessage message : runner) {
IO.println(message);
}
}
PHP
<?php
use Anthropic\Beta\Messages\BetaMemoryTool20250818;
use Anthropic\Client;
use Anthropic\Lib\Tools\BetaRunnableTool;
use Anthropic\Messages\Model;
$client = new Client();
// 一个内存存储,将 memory 文件路径映射到其内容。
// 在生产环境中请使用您自己的存储。
$store = [];
$memory = new BetaRunnableTool(
definition: new BetaMemoryTool20250818(),
run: function (array $input) use (&$store): string {
$path = $input['path'] ?? '';
switch ($input['command']) {
case 'view':
if (isset($store[$path])) {
$numbered = [];
foreach (explode("\n", preg_replace('/\n\z/', '', $store[$path])) as $i => $line) {
$numbered[] = sprintf("%6d\t%s", $i + 1, $line);
}
return "Here's the content of {$path} with line numbers:\n" . implode("\n", $numbered);
}
if ($path === '/memories') {
$listing = ["1.0K\t/memories"];
foreach (array_keys($store) as $stored) {
$listing[] = "1.0K\t{$stored}";
}
return "Here're the files and directories up to 2 levels deep in {$path}, excluding hidden items and node_modules:\n" . implode("\n", $listing);
}
return "The path {$path} does not exist. Please provide a valid path.";
case 'create':
$store[$path] = $input['file_text'];
return "File created successfully at: {$path}";
case 'str_replace':
$position = strpos($store[$path] ?? '', $input['old_str']);
if ($position === false) {
return "No replacement was performed, old_str `{$input['old_str']}` did not appear verbatim in {$path}.";
}
$store[$path] = substr_replace($store[$path], $input['new_str'] ?? '', $position, strlen($input['old_str']));
return 'The memory file has been edited.';
case 'insert':
if (!isset($store[$path])) {
return "Error: The path {$path} does not exist";
}
$lines = explode("\n", $store[$path]);
if ($input['insert_line'] < 0 || $input['insert_line'] > count($lines)) {
return "Error: Invalid `insert_line` parameter: {$input['insert_line']}. It should be within the range of lines of the file: [0, " . count($lines) . ']';
}
array_splice($lines, $input['insert_line'], 0, [preg_replace('/\n\z/', '', $input['insert_text'])]);
$store[$path] = implode("\n", $lines);
return "The file {$path} has been edited.";
case 'delete':
if (!isset($store[$path])) {
return "Error: The path {$path} does not exist";
}
unset($store[$path]);
return "Successfully deleted {$path}";
case 'rename':
if (!isset($store[$input['old_path']])) {
return "Error: The path {$input['old_path']} does not exist";
}
if (isset($store[$input['new_path']])) {
return "Error: The destination {$input['new_path']} already exists";
}
$store[$input['new_path']] = $store[$input['old_path']];
unset($store[$input['old_path']]);
return "Successfully renamed {$input['old_path']} to {$input['new_path']}";
default:
return "Error: unknown command {$input['command']}";
}
},
);
$runner = $client->beta->messages->toolRunner(
maxTokens: 1024,
messages: [['role' => 'user', 'content' => 'Remember that customer Acme Corp prefers email follow-ups.']],
model: Model::CLAUDE_OPUS_5_5,
tools: [$memory],
maxIterations: 10,
);
$finalMessage = $runner->runUntilDone();
print_r($finalMessage->content);
Ruby
require "anthropic"
client = Anthropic::Client.new
TOOLS = [{type: "memory_20250818", name: "memory"}].freeze
# 一个内存存储,用于将 memory 文件路径映射到其内容。
# 在生产环境中请使用您自己的存储。
STORE = {}
def execute_memory(input)
path = input[:path]
case input[:command]
when "view"
if STORE.key?(path)
lines = STORE[path].chomp.split("\n", -1)
lines = [""] if lines.empty?
numbered = lines.each_with_index.map { |line, i| format("%6d\t%s", i + 1, line) }
"Here's the content of #{path} with line numbers:\n#{numbered.join("\n")}"
elsif path == "/memories"
listing = ["1.0K\t/memories"] + STORE.keys.map { |stored| "1.0K\t#{stored}" }
"Here're the files and directories up to 2 levels deep in #{path}, excluding hidden items and node_modules:\n#{listing.join("\n")}"
else
"The path #{path} does not exist. Please provide a valid path."
end
when "create"
STORE[path] = input[:file_text]
"File created successfully at: #{path}"
when "str_replace"
unless STORE.key?(path) && STORE[path].include?(input[:old_str])
return "No replacement was performed, old_str `#{input[:old_str]}` did not appear verbatim in #{path}."
end
STORE[path] = STORE[path].sub(input[:old_str]) { input[:new_str].to_s }
"The memory file has been edited."
when "insert"
return "Error: The path #{path} does not exist" unless STORE.key?(path)
lines = STORE[path].split("\n", -1)
lines = [""] if lines.empty?
if input[:insert_line] < 0 || input[:insert_line] > lines.length
return "Error: Invalid `insert_line` parameter: #{input[:insert_line]}. It should be within the range of lines of the file: [0, #{lines.length}]"
end
lines.insert(input[:insert_line], input[:insert_text].chomp)
STORE[path] = lines.join("\n")
"The file #{path} has been edited."
when "delete"
return "Error: The path #{path} does not exist" unless STORE.key?(path)
STORE.delete(path)
"Successfully deleted #{path}"
when "rename"
return "Error: The path #{input[:old_path]} does not exist" unless STORE.key?(input[:old_path])
return "Error: The destination #{input[:new_path]} already exists" if STORE.key?(input[:new_path])
STORE[input[:new_path]] = STORE.delete(input[:old_path])
"Successfully renamed #{input[:old_path]} to #{input[:new_path]}"
else
"Error: unknown command #{input[:command]}"
end
end
messages = [{role: "user", content: "Remember that customer Acme Corp prefers email follow-ups."}]
loop do
message = client.messages.create(
model: Anthropic::Model::CLAUDE_OPUS_5_5,
max_tokens: 1024,
messages: messages,
tools: TOOLS
)
unless message.stop_reason == :tool_use
puts message.content
break
end
tool_results = message.content.filter_map do |block|
next unless block.type == :tool_use
{type: "tool_result", tool_use_id: block.id, content: execute_memory(block.input)}
end
messages << {role: "assistant", content: message.content} << {role: "user", content: tool_results}
end
Go、PHP 和 Ruby 示例中的内存存储使这些示例保持自包含:每个示例都根据 tool_use 块的 input 中的 command 字段进行分派,并返回工具命令中描述的字符串。生产环境中的处理程序还需要这些演示存储所省略的路径验证。有关 SDK 自身的完整示例,请参阅:
- Python:examples/memory/basic.py
- TypeScript:examples/tools-helpers-memory.ts
- C#:MemoryToolExample
- Java:BetaMemoryToolExample.java
工具命令
您的客户端实现必须处理以下命令。这些规范描述了推荐的行为和返回字符串:Claude 会读取您的工具结果中包含的任何文本,因此如果您的应用程序需要,您可以返回不同的字符串。
view
显示目录内容或文件内容,可选择指定行范围:
{
"command": "view",
"path": "/memories/notes.txt",
"view_range": [1, 10]
}
view_range 是可选的,适用于文本文件视图:[start_line, end_line] 返回这些行,[start_line, -1] 返回从 start_line 到文件末尾的所有内容。
返回值
对于目录: 返回一个列表,显示文件和目录及其大小:
Here're the files and directories up to 2 levels deep in {path}, excluding hidden items and node_modules:
{size}\t{path}
{size}\t{path}/{filename1}
{size}\t{path}/{filename2}
- 列出最多 2 层深度的文件
- 显示人类可读的大小(例如
5.5K、1.2M) - 排除隐藏项(以
.开头的文件)和node_modules - 在大小和路径之间使用制表符
在空存储上首次对 /memories 执行 view 不是错误。如果您的 SDK 提供了本地文件系统记忆工具 BetaLocalFilesystemMemoryTool,它会在 Claude 首次调用之前创建记忆根目录,并返回列表标题,后跟空目录本身的一行大小和路径。
对于文件: 返回带有标题和行号的文件内容:
Here's the content of {path} with line numbers:
{line_numbers}{tab}{content}
行号格式:
- 宽度: 6 个字符,右对齐,用空格填充
- 分隔符: 行号和内容之间使用制表符
- 索引: 从 1 开始(第一行是第 1 行)
- 行数限制: 超过 999,999 行的文件应返回错误:
"File {path} exceeds maximum line limit of 999,999 lines."
示例输出:
Here's the content of /memories/notes.txt with line numbers:
1 Hello World
2 This is line two
10 Line ten
100 Line one hundred
Claude 的工具描述还说明,view 会显示图像文件(.jpg、.jpeg 和 .png),并会截断超过 16,000 个字符的文件的文本视图。因此请预期会有针对图像路径的 view 调用,以及针对长文件的后续指定范围的查看。
错误处理
- 文件或目录不存在:
"The path {path} does not exist. Please provide a valid path."
create
创建新文件:
{
"command": "create",
"path": "/memories/notes.txt",
"file_text": "Meeting notes:\n- Discussed project timeline\n- Next steps defined\n"
}
返回值
- 成功:
"File created successfully at: {path}"
错误处理
- 文件已存在:
"Error: File {path} already exists"
Claude 的工具描述称 create 会“创建或覆盖”文件,因此请预期会有针对已存在路径的 create 调用。返回错误是参考行为,而改为覆盖也是一种有效的实现选择。
str_replace
替换文件中的文本:
{
"command": "str_replace",
"path": "/memories/preferences.txt",
"old_str": "Favorite color: blue",
"new_str": "Favorite color: green"
}
对于 str_replace,new_str 是可选的:省略时,old_str 会被删除而不进行替换。
返回值
- 成功:
"The memory file has been edited.",后跟带有行号的已编辑文件片段
错误处理
- 文件不存在:
"Error: The path {path} does not exist. Please provide a valid path." - 未找到文本:
"No replacement was performed, old_str `\{old_str}` did not appear verbatim in {path}." - 文本重复: 当
old_str出现多次时,返回:"No replacement was performed. Multiple occurrences of old_str `\{old_str}` in lines: {line_numbers}. Please ensure it is unique"
目录处理
如果路径是目录,则返回“文件不存在”错误。
insert
在指定行插入文本:
{
"command": "insert",
"path": "/memories/todo.txt",
"insert_line": 2,
"insert_text": "- Review memory tool documentation\n"
}
insert_text 会插入到第 insert_line 行之后,0 表示插入到文件开头。
返回值
- 成功:
"The file {path} has been edited."
错误处理
- 文件不存在:
"Error: The path {path} does not exist" - 行号无效:
"Error: Invalid `insert_line` parameter: {insert_line}. It should be within the range of lines of the file: [0, {n_lines}]"
目录处理
如果路径是目录,则返回“文件不存在”错误。
delete
删除文件或目录:
{
"command": "delete",
"path": "/memories/old_file.txt"
}
返回值
- 成功:
"Successfully deleted {path}"
错误处理
- 文件或目录不存在:
"Error: The path {path} does not exist"
目录处理
递归删除目录及其所有内容。工具描述告知 Claude 它不能删除 /memories 目录本身,因此请拒绝路径为记忆根目录的 delete。
rename
重命名或移动文件或目录:
{
"command": "rename",
"old_path": "/memories/draft.txt",
"new_path": "/memories/final.txt"
}
返回值
- 成功:
"Successfully renamed {old_path} to {new_path}"
错误处理
- 源不存在:
"Error: The path {old_path} does not exist" - 目标已存在: 返回错误(不要覆盖):
"Error: The destination {new_path} already exists"
目录处理
重命名目录。工具描述告知 Claude 它不能重命名 /memories 目录本身,因此请拒绝 old_path 为记忆根目录的 rename。
提示指导
当记忆工具出现在您请求的 tools 中时,API 会自动将以下指令添加到 “system prompt”(系统提示)中。您无需自己发送:
IMPORTANT: ALWAYS VIEW YOUR MEMORY DIRECTORY BEFORE DOING ANYTHING ELSE.
MEMORY PROTOCOL:
1. Use the `view` command of your `memory` tool to check for earlier progress.
2. ... (work on the task) ...
- As you make progress, record status / progress / thoughts etc in your memory.
ASSUME INTERRUPTION: Your context window might be reset at any moment, so you risk losing any progress that is not recorded in your memory directory.
Claude 的工具描述已经告知它要保持记忆目录井然有序,因此您无需重复该指令。如果 Claude 仍然创建了杂乱的记忆文件,您可以在提示中加以强调:
Note: when editing your memory folder, always try to keep its content up-to-date, coherent and organized. You can rename or delete files that are no longer relevant. Do not create new files unless necessary.
您还可以指导 Claude 向记忆中写入的内容。例如:“Only write down information relevant to <topic> in your memory system.”
安全注意事项
您的应用程序会执行 Claude 请求的每个文件操作,因此以下防护措施由您负责:
敏感信息
Claude 通常会拒绝将敏感信息写入记忆文件。为了获得更强的保证,请添加验证,在处理程序写入文件之前剥离敏感数据。
文件存储大小
跟踪记忆文件的大小,并限制文件可以增长到的大小。考虑限制 view 命令返回的字符数,并让 Claude 使用 view_range 分页浏览其余内容。
记忆过期
定期删除长时间未被访问的记忆文件。
路径遍历防护
警告
诸如
/memories/../../secrets.env之类的恶意路径可以访问/memories目录之外的文件。您的实现必须验证每个命令中的每个路径,以防止目录遍历攻击。
请考虑以下防护措施:
- 验证所有路径都以
/memories开头 - 将路径解析为规范形式,并验证它们仍位于记忆目录内
- 拒绝包含
../、..\\等序列或其他遍历模式的路径 - 注意 URL 编码的遍历序列(
%2e%2e%2f) - 使用您所用语言的内置路径安全工具(例如 Python 的
pathlib.Path.resolve()和relative_to())
错误处理
记忆工具使用与文本编辑器工具类似的错误处理模式。每个命令的错误消息都列在工具命令下。要向 Claude 返回错误,请在工具结果上将 is_error 设置为 true,并将消息放入 content 中:
{
"type": "tool_result",
"tool_use_id": "toolu_01C4D5E6F7G8H9I0J1K2L3M4",
"content": "Error: The path /memories/notes.txt does not exist",
"is_error": true
}
与上下文编辑集成
记忆工具可与 “context editing”(上下文编辑)配合使用来管理长时间运行的对话。有关详细信息,请参阅上下文编辑。
与压缩一起使用
记忆工具还可以与 compaction(压缩)配合使用,压缩会在服务器端总结较早的对话上下文。上下文编辑在客户端清除特定的工具结果。压缩则会在对话接近上下文窗口限制时,在服务器上自动总结整个对话。
对于长时间运行的智能体,请考虑同时使用两者:压缩无需客户端记录即可使活动上下文保持较小,而记忆则保留必须在总结后依然存在的信息。
多会话软件开发模式
对于跨越多个智能体会话的软件项目,请有意识地设置记忆文件,而不是在工作进展过程中临时编写。以下模式将记忆转变为一种恢复机制:每个新会话都从上一个会话记录的状态继续。
该模式的工作方式
-
初始化会话: 第一个会话在任何实质性工作开始之前设置记忆文件。这包括进度日志(跟踪已完成的工作和接下来的工作)、功能清单(定义工作范围),以及对项目所需的任何启动或初始化脚本的引用。
-
后续会话: 每个新会话都以读取这些记忆文件开始。这样可以恢复项目状态,而无需重新探索代码库或回溯先前的决策。
-
会话结束更新: 在会话结束之前,它会用已完成的内容和剩余的内容更新进度日志。这确保下一个会话拥有准确的起点。
关键原则
一次只处理一个功能。只有在端到端验证确认功能正常工作后,才将其标记为完成,而不是在代码编写完成时。这可以使进度日志在各个会话之间保持准确。
提示
有关此模式实际应用的详细案例研究,包括初始化脚本、进度文件结构和基于 Git 的恢复,请参阅适用于长时间运行智能体的有效框架。
后续步骤
-
Bash 工具:在持久的 bash 会话中运行 shell 命令。
-
上下文编辑:通过上下文编辑,在对话上下文增长时自动管理它。
-
压缩:服务器端上下文压缩,用于管理接近上下文窗口限制的长对话。
-
工具参考:Anthropic 提供的工具目录以及可选工具定义属性的参考。
可用性
记忆工具在所有模型上可用,并具备零数据保留和HIPAA 就绪资格。
API 支持
Messages API
- 可用性:可用
| 状态 | 模型 |
|---|---|
| 可用 | 所有模型 |
数据处理
| 项目 | 零数据保留 | HIPAA |
|---|---|---|
| 状态 | 具备资格(不包括 涵盖的模型) | 具备资格 |
| 详细信息 | 客户端记忆存储,数据保留由您控制。 | — |
适用的端点:
/v1/messages使用memory工具